The Female Function In Homer’s Iliad Free Essays

In the tale of Homer’s Iliad, the jobs of ladies are plainly drawn. The capacity, from mortal to unfading is to impact male characters. The principle female jobs likewise have the elements of mother, little girl, spouses, goddesses, and prizes. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Female Function In Homer’s Iliad or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now All through this idyllic describe of war, recounting fights on the field, and in paradise, of all the differing jobs of the female characters, every one can be pared down to influencer of a male, regardless of whether god, or mortal. One of the principle figures of the Iliad is Helen of Troy. Her capacity is that of a prize. She is to be won, taken, and the gathering that has her is the person who wins. There are different occurrences in which females are utilized for the sole reason for prizes, to be bartered or battled for. Towards the start of the Iliad, King Agamemnon is disturbed to such an extent that he needs to give Chryseis back to her dad, Chryses, so as to make Apollo quit assaulting his nation, that he takes Achillies’ â€Å"prize†, Briseis. Later on in the story, when attempting to make this up to Achillies to attempt to get him to spare Agamemnon and the remainder of the Danaans ships, the job of the lady is again to be utilized as a prize. Lord Agamemnon states’ â€Å"I have three daughters†¦ let him take his preferred one, uninhibitedly and without blessings of wooing,† (Book 9). Indeed, even little girls are utilized as bartering apparatuses, or prizes by their own dads. Little girls have various jobs in the story, in the event that the girl is mortal, or undying. The girls that are mortal have next to no to say about who they will wed, or what will befall them if their city gets â€Å"sacked† and they are to be isolated among the contenders as plunder. The girls of the immortals, be that as it may, have a substantially more working job, as they are influencer to men and god the same. Minerva, specifically, has a method of getting what she needs from her dad Jove. She impacts his choices, with the goal that she can get her own particular manner. Minerva likewise does as she’s advised to, and sends powerful messages down to the men in fight all the more then once, being the acceptable little girl that she is. Minerva is only one of the goddesses recorded in the Iliad, and the elements of the goddesses fluctuate, in spite of the fact that, the jobs are largely powerful to a male character here and there. A portion of the jobs of the goddesses are to be a flag-bearer, similar to Minerva. Jove’s spouse, Juno, works similarly as a human wife however, when the circumstance comes to Juno attempting to contend a point with her significant other, he winds up laying down the law, and advising her to go plunk down and hush up. This is when they’re conversation whether the city of Ilius will lose in fight. Indeed, even as the goddess with the most control over different goddesses, she despite everything plunks down and does what she has been told. Subsequent to discovering that Juno and Minerva were on their way rational to get into the fight, Jove offers the comment, â€Å"I am less astounded and furious with Juno, for whatever I state she generally negates me,† (Book 8) Though, Homer calls attention to that since Juno has done what Jove advised to do, doesn't imply that she is glad about plunking down and hushing up about not needing the city decimated. Juno’s character additionally serves in the job of the mother. In this job, she stays defensive over the men that she thinks about, and impacts them not to battle against one another. This job is appeared from the earliest starting point of the work when she sends Minerva sensible to prevent Achillies and Agamemnon from battling and murdering one another, â€Å"because she thinks about them two so,† (Book 1). Everlasting moms are defensive of their human children, yet there is a case of a human mother not being so defensive. During the fight, Hector races to discover his significant other, who is looking down at the fight from the highest point of a divider, with her nursemaid conveying the child. She begs him not to return to the battle, expressing that on the off chance that he passes on, she would have nothing left to live for. Book 8) This would peruse that she would murder herself, due to his demise, and consequently would not be there to bring up her own youngster. Another female job in this epic is of sister. Juno isn't just Jove’s spouse, yet in addition his sister. The way that they are connected is raised a couple of times in the story, when she is called Daughter of Saturn, and Jove being the Son of Saturn. Juno likewise assumes the job of the cheat, as she gets Venus to support her, and Sleep to support her with the goal that she can get Jove to nod off. This is itemized about the center of Book 14. Juno gets Jove to need to engage in sexual relations with her, and afterward he nods off while holding her. Juno utilizes her excellence and impact to get Jove to rest. Another genuine job is played by Althea, Meleager’s mother, as the story recounts her, â€Å"grieving for the passing of her sibling, implored the gods,† (Book 9). Of all the powerful jobs that ladies play in the Iliad, the most persuasive would be that of courier. Iris is delineated in the job of errand person when she is sent somewhere around Jove to convey the message to Minerva and Juno that he denies them to participate in the fight. Another major persuasive delivery person is Minerva herself. She is sent down progressively then once to convey messages from Jove, and others immortals from paradise. All through the story, the elements of the female jobs are changed, and are contemporary to their time, during which a man revered a female goddess, just to take a little youngster from a distant land so as to have more riches. The vast majority of all, every job can be believed to show that females’ impact over society at the hour of Homer was incredible in certain regards, yet even goddesses were compliant to the relentless male Jove. The job of the females concerning war was to impact the officers, and to be acceptable spouses, dealing with the youngsters. What's more, on the off chance that the city wherein the female lived gets â€Å"sacked†, it at that point turns into the females job to carefully be property. In spite of the fact that the male character that took her could possibly have affections for her, she is still, best case scenario, plunder. Little girls played exceptionally persuasive principles, particularly the little girls of Jove, in the case of attempting to get their direction, or making Jove distraught or glad, the job of his little girls was to impact him, and to have him choose what might happen to the incredible fight. Step by step instructions to refer to The Female Function In Homer’s Iliad, Papers

Alternative Sources of Energy

Question: Should vehicles utilizing petroleum products be supplanted via vehicle utilizing elective wellsprings of vitality? Answer: Presentation We are unimportant little animals in this immense and wide world, and to get a handle on this enormous world and its assets we have delivered various innovations that encourage us in vanquishing this marvel. One of the most innovative and required development was transport. Vehicles, trucks, transports and different vehicles are the cutting edge relatives of the well established creation. In any case, vehicles consume non-renewable energy sources (oil and diesel) that starts from the rotting of pre-noteworthy plants and creatures for many years. Petroleum products are the sole assets, which serve the majority of the universes vitality needs. The petroleum derivative stores, whenever doused then the world would enter a period of vitality inadequacy. Factual information uncovers at present the globe contains 892 billion tons of coal, 186 trillion cubic meters of petroleum gas, and 1688 billion barrels of unrefined petroleum. Considering todays level of fuelextraction, coal will be expended in around quite a while from now, the last cubic meter of gaseous petrol and raw petroleum will be devoured by 2069.Hence elective wellsprings of vitality requests prompt thoughtfulness regarding supplant the current wellsprings of vitality (Lerner and Lerner, 2006). How is corrosive downpour and photochemical exhaust cloud influencing nature because of non-renewable energy source use? Damaging detriments of utilizing non-renewable energy sources are the development of corrosive downpour and photochemical exhaust cloud (smoke + haze). In corrosive downpour, Carbon dioxide responds with water to shape carbonic corrosive (eq. a), which is exceptionally destructive. At that point the corrosive bifurcates to give out two particles, emphatically charged H+ hydrogen particle and the contrarily charged HCO3-or hydrogen carbonate particle (eq. b). The perilous carbonic corrosive is fit for giving out various H+ particles that make it rather progressively acidic and brings down the ph of an answer with regards to its acidic nature. 1. CO2 + H2O H2CO3(equation a) 2. H2CO3 H+ + HCO3-(condition b) Climatic nitrogen and oxygen respond to shape two moles of Nitric oxide during lightning storms. This response adds to the acidic substance of water in an unsafe manner (eq. c). Coming about Nitric oxide responds with the ordinarily discovered oxygen gas to frame Nitrogen dioxide hence experiencing oxidation (eq. d) (Payne, Hahn and Mauer, 2013). 3. N2 (g) + O2(g) 2NO(gaseous) During lightning (condition c) 4. NO(g) + O2(g) NO2 (gaseous)(equation d) 5. 3NO2(g) + H2O 2HNO3(aq) + NO(g)(equation e) Photochemical fumes cloud or photograph exhaust cloud, much of the time experienced in the Los Angeles Basin, is the resultant blend of gases Ozone and Nitrogen dioxide. During ozone arrangement in the climate, photolysis of nitrogen dioxide (from vehicle depletes) happens by the moving toward sun powered radiation hence bringing about nitrogen oxide and an oxygen particle (unpaired) (Gosselin and Hrudey, 2010). The brilliant (UV) radiation (h) from the sun causes photolysis of nitrogen dioxide from vehicle depletes and subsequently nitrogen dioxide changes into Nitrogen Oxide (condition a). NO2 + hv (radiation from sun) NO + O (eq. a) At that point the oxygen atom structures ozone with another environmental ozone particle (condition b) O + O2 O3(eq. b) In the event that the parameters are deliberate, at that point, O3 responds with NO to make NO2 and an oxygen iota (condition c). O3 + NO O2 + NO2(eq. c) This consistent cycle results to an insignificant augmentation in net ozone age (Brown, 2002). To make photochemical brown haze for a huge scope as observed in Los Angeles, the philosophy must consolidate Volatile natural mixes (VOC's). Further research uncovers that VOCs nearness causes a quickened develop of brown haze. A case of the beginning response is as per the following: A responsive VOC molecule is the result of climatic hydroxide and an ordinary VOC (condition d) RH + OH R + H2O (eq. d) Article investigation Reasonableness The content is justifiable and exhaustive. A few extracts are Automobiles, water transport and prepares would be energized by force and hydrogen vitality units Be it India, U.S.A or Australia, the article is important. The subheadings, headings and the general data are broadly utilized and it helped in the investigation of the undertaking subject. Precision The article is great and without any syntactic or spelling mistakes. The data is 3 years of age as it was distribute in 2011, January (Tulchinsky and Varavikova, n.d.). It holds no difference to some other source. Validity The creator expressed about and significant data on him is found on Google. The contact number and the assignment add to its believability. Researchers confirm the data as it originates from an exploration (Breslow, 2002). The area is .Edu. Inclination The asset presents an overall perspective on the point, with the objective and non-philosophical methodology by the creator. The article is absolutely logical. The asset isn't attempting to impact my feeling and it isn't selling any item or data. The language utilized is logical and objective. A few models are: One of the best snags with sunlight based vitality and wind situated essentialness is that both can be exceedingly variableThe creator utilizes non-cliché and summed up perceptions to base the subject. Along these lines in generally the article is well-suited for the paper. End Therefore by the paper we havecome to the deduction that the world is in a basic need of an elective vitality source. Vehicles is the viewed as asset for this trade as they expend the majority of the world vitality and the petroleum derivatives saves are constrained. In by and large it is basic that we start an inside and out research to satisfy this significant venture. References Anderson, R. (2006).Outbreak. Washington, D.C.: ASM Press. Breslow, L. (2002).Encyclopedia of general wellbeing. New York: Macmillan Reference. Earthy colored, P. (2002).Health and the earth. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Gosselin, P. also, Hrudey, S. (2010).Environmental and wellbeing effects of Canada's oil sands industry. Ottawa: Royal Society of Canada. Lerner, K. also, Lerner, B. (2006).Medicine, wellbeing, and bioethics. Detroit: Thomson/Gale. Lynch, An., Elmore, B. also, Kotecki, J. (n.d.).Health. Meyers, R. (2012).Encyclopedia of maintainability science and innovation. New York: Springer. Morley, N. (2012). The impacts of radioactive contamination on the elements of irresistible infections inwildlife.Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 106, pp.81-97. Payne, W., Hahn, D. also, Mauer E. (2013).Understanding your wellbeing. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Schneider, M. (2011).Introduction to general wellbeing. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Stanford University, (2015).The world can be fueled by elective vitality, utilizing the present innovation, in 20-40 years, says Stanford scientist Mark Z. Jacobson. [online] Available at: https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/january/jacobson-world-vitality 012611.html [Accessed 27 Feb. 2015]. Tulchinsky, T. also, Varavikova, E. (n.d.).The new general wellbeing.

Rainy Day Essentials

Rainy Day Essentials April showers bring May flowers, right? Well, what about March showers? It is a cloudy, dreary, rainy day here at the University of Illinois, and this weather has me thinking about a few rainy day essentials that every incoming freshman should bring. A good umbrella This one is a must-have, and the reason why is pretty simple. Champaign-Urbana is notoriously windy. Without a good umbrella, you will look like this: A raincoat When I say raincoat, I do not mean a fleece pull-over or a winter coat. Down coats will do you no good in the rain, and a Patagonia quarter zip is not a raincoat.  A raincoat should be lightweight and 100% waterproof. I promise there will be more than one situation where you get caught in the rain, running across campus, soaked to the skin. Without a real raincoat, you will have to sit through class damp and cold. Believe me, I am thankful that my mother made me buy a real raincoat every rainy day. Rain boots I wear my rain boots at least once a week, if not more than that. Investing in a pair of comfortable rain boots will be worth it for any University of Illinois student. It rains a lot here, and walking around with wet socks is simply not ideal.   Photo from Rachel Hernandez These rainy day essentials will definitely be worth the investment. All students at the University of Illinois will want to bring three things with them to campus: a good umbrella, a waterproof raincoat, and rain boots! Go ahead, jump in those puddles! Rachel Class of 2020 I am studying Middle Grades Education with concentrations in Social Sciences and Literacy in the College of Education. Although I now reside in Champaign, I am originally from Vernon Hills, a Northwest suburb of Chicago.

Co Parenting By Divorcing Parents Of Children Of Early...

Louis Ejiofor Co-Parenting by Divorcing Parents of Children of Early Childhood ABS 6813: Personality and Human Development Oklahoma City University Instructor: Marci M. Leveridge, Ph.D Co-Parenting by Divorcing Parents of Children of Early Childhood Abstract Betimes, Co-parenting by Divorcing Parents of Children in Early Childhood has been a global problem that affects thousands of children in the globe, mostly U.S. When the marriage is dissolved, children seemed to be the one most likely to be affected because of the sentimental attachment they have already established with both parents. Most of them develop psychological problem, for instance, depression or separation anxiety. Till date, Co-parenting by divorcing parents of children in early childhood still poses a threat to children globally. Literature Review Divorce is a judicial declaration dissolving a marriage in whole or in part, especially one that releases the marriage partners from all matrimonial obligations (www.dictionary.com/browse/divorce). According to the text, Scientists try to provide analysis and insight, based on empirical data, but the task goes beyond reporting facts. Regarding divorce, thousands of studies and several opposing opinions need to be considered, analyzed, and combined- no easy task (Kathleen Stassen Berger, 2016, p. 381). In Nigeria where I was raised, marriage is regarded as solemn and sacred, couples adore each other, and they live together, raise childrenShow MoreRelatedExpository Essay on Parenting1582 Words   |  7 PagesEffective Parenting Techniques and their Direct Influence on Child Life Success COM150 Effective Essay Writing December 8, 2013 Throughout history, families represent the primary setting in which most children’s lives are formed and developed; however, parenting beliefs and practices have evolved and drastically changed. Most parents expressed the view that parenting had changed substantially when compared with parenting 20 years ago. Degree of parental responsibility and pressure on parents as havingRead MoreTaking a Look at Divorce1925 Words   |  8 Pagesbeen facing one of the greatest challenges in the recent past. The number of divorce families is increasing daily. People are currently taking marriage lightly not realizing the consequences such decisions have on their family, more so, on their children. Divorce is the dissolution of marriage. In the past, people respected marriage institutions and divorce was a rare happening. The United Nations Demographic Yearbook records that Russia has the highest number of divorce rates in the world recording

Language and Cognitive Psychology Essay - 1136 Words

Language is a cognitive function that most of us take for granted. It starts from early on, some say at conception, and it develops in complexity as we get older. It is an essential part of communication and without it its development would be greatly hindered. This natural process requires complex structures and reasoning, the bringing together of sounds and words to develop concrete ideas and thoughts. In this paper we will discuss the components of language and how it relates to cognitive processes. Language and Lexicon Our basic mean of communication among species and interspecies is thru language. Language enables us to communicate with each other, our thoughts and feelings, ideas and concepts, likes, and dislikes, fears, dreams†¦show more content†¦Each culture has its own distinct way of rendering the spoken language. The aspects that make words and their meaning distinct are as unique as the properties of language that make them arbitrary. Words are nothing more than sounds. It is up to us to connect them to their actual meaning. This system follows no specific reason for words and their relation to objects, it is the culture that appoints meaning - this is why it is arbitrary. However, even though we can say that word meanings are arbitrary; language is not. Key features of language include its words and their sub structures such as morphemes, graphemes and syllables at the writing level as well as reading or speaking, words, their meanings and contexts in which the words get spoken or read. Language has to be interpreted as a whole, and not just as the specific word. There must be an explicit pattern or structure. In order for language to be understood correctly, the meaning of words must be arranged in a given context. This is what constructs language; even though words are arbitrary themselves, in order to integrate as a language, they must be used in the appropriate context. This pre-established cultural context is what will enable effective communication. (Daniel Willingham, 2007, p. 1). Four Levels of Language Structure and Processing According to Daniel Willingham Language Processing (2007) language is structured into fourShow MoreRelatedLanguage and Cognitive Psychology929 Words   |  4 Pageshand signs have been replaced by more complicated language structures as a basis of communication. Today, it is not only words and their assigned meanings that make the bulk of communication among people. There are also subtle nuances of meaning and implied meaning that are often misunderstood or misconstrued. Furthermore, elements such as lying and misunderstanding also influence how language is used and perceived among individuals. Because language forms the majority of communication among humanRead MoreEssay about The Development of Cognitive Psychology747 Words   |  3 Pagesartificial intelligence have contributed to the development of cognitive psychology. 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Human developmentRead MoreEvolution of Cognitive Psychology1105 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: EVOLUTION OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY PAPER Evolution of Cognitive Psychology PSYCH 560 Latrice T. Colbert Julie Bruno, Psy.D September 6, 2010 Cognition is a term referring to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension, including thinking, knowing, remembering, judging and problem-solving. Not only is cognitive psychology central to everything a person does in his or her everyday life, it is also central to psychology’s quest to understand how peopleRead MoreHistory of Cognitive Psychology1666 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract An analysis of the history of cognitive psychology. Including key ideas, contributors, trends, etc. History of Cognitive Psychology According to G. Miller of Princeton University, cognitive psychology  is an approach to psychology that emphasizes internal mental processes. So, â€Å"since the beginning of experimental psychology in the nineteenth century, there had been interest in the study of higher mental processes. But something discontinuous happened in the late 1950s, something soRead MoreCognitive Affective1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Study of Cognitive   amp; Affective Bases of Psychology Cognitive and affective psychology is the empirical branch of psychology, which aims to answer all questions regarding human activities, related to knowledge and emotions, such as, how we think, learn, and remember. It is grounded on the theory that thoughts and emotions affect our behavior; furthermore, behavior can be changed through a modification of our thoughts or emotions. Cognitive psychologists examine how our minds obtainRead MoreChild Abuse and Cognitive Psychology1478 Words   |  6 PagesChild Abuse and Cognitive Psychology Language is an important component in discussing cognitive psychology. There are many different aspects to language that can be broken down to better understand its functions. Language can be defined as â€Å"An organized way to combine words to communicate† (O’Brien, lecture notes 2014). In addition language is a communication system that is unique to humans. It is also something that is learned as opposed to being biologically inherited (O’Brien, lecture notes,Read MoreDiscuss Reasons for the Increased Interest in Cognitive Psychology and the Decline in Behavioristt Approach, in Addition Describe the Field of Cognitive Science Noting the Discipline That Are Included in This Field.1302 Words   |  6 PagesORDER COGNITION DATE SUBMITTED: 29th SEPTEMBER, 2011 DISCUSS REASONS FOR THE INCREASED INTEREST IN COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND THE DECLINE OF BEHAVIORIST APPROACH ,IN ADDITION DESCRIBE THE FIELD OF COGNITIVE SCIENCE NOTING THE DISCIPLINE THAT ARE INCLUDED IN THE THIS FIELD. Behaviorism also called learning perspective is defined by Wikipedia ‘ as a philosophy of psychology based on the proposition that all things that organisms do-including acting , thinking, and feelingRead MoreThe Broad Field Of Psychology1199 Words   |  5 PagesThe broad field of psychology encompasses several different subsets in order to touch upon every aspect of the practice. A particularly interesting one would be cognitive psychology. This area of study focuses on several mental processes; mostly memory, perception and learning. Through the adaption of science and technology, cognitive psychology continues to grow as an important field in psychology. History of Cognitive Psychology Cognitive Psychology originally did not begin as that title. In theRead Morepsy 3601407 Words   |  6 Pages Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Introduction Cognitive Psychology/PSY360 Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes surrounding learning, memory, perception, and thought. Though it is still a relatively new formal branch of psychology, its roots extend back to Descartes who sought a way to explain how the mind worked, proposing the analogy of a â€Å"hydraulic system of nerve function† (Willingham, 2007, p. 26) after he observed animated statues

Business Management Free Essays

Management is composed of directing and having a certain control over an individual or a group of individuals or entities having a specific purpose or aim and may refer to a person or people who manage. The purpose or aim of management would be to coordinate and harmonize the individual or group of individuals controlled in order to attain or accomplish a goal. Furthermore, deployment and manipulation of resources, which could be human, financial, technological or natural, can also be included in management and usually employing or requires power. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Business management tackles a wide range of categories or topics. The topics or four articles chosen are entitled, (1) The Responsive Manger/Leader, (2) Manager No-No’s, (3) My Bad: Sometimes, even CEOs have to say they’re sorry, and (4) Keep Your Customers in View. These articles are chosen for they teach what leaders should be, in relation to themselves, to their work, to their employees and to their customers. Business management would fail without an excellent, or at least a good manager or leader. Furthermore, without the other people, employees and customers, business with excellent leaders would still be empty. Business management would not work well if good relationship among the managers, employees and customers is not present. These articles would be very helpful in empowering individuals to strive or work better in empowering themselves, and the people around them and help them be future leaders or managers. In the first article, â€Å"The Responsive Manager/Leader†, the influence responsive manager is described in terms of his work, the things that he should do and the characteristics that he should possess. The responsive manager is able to form relationships through trust and respect. He does this by seeing to it that the woes and problems of the employees are heard and he influences them to solve the problems. In the end, his employees work more diligently and are empowered to work for him. Most likely, the establishment or organization with a responsive leader would succeed (Bacal). In the second article by Laura Candris, â€Å"Manager No-No’s†, includes the things that a manager should always check and do, more specifically, the mistakes that a manager should avoid are discussed. Mistakes such as failure to document, arbitrary treatment of employees, and failure to investigate should be prevented by the manager. If these things happen, the employees could sue him, leading to a business or organizational failure. In the third article by Donna Fenn, â€Å"Sometimes, even CEOs have to say they’re sorry†, it was explained that CEOs are also humans, capable of making mistakes and often, a lot of people beside themselves are hurt or affected by such mistakes. It is said that a simple, clear, truthful and sincere apology from leaders or managers would be enough to boost themselves back to a position that they would be respected by the employees. This is important for it teaches a leader not to further increase the gap in the employer-employee relationship, as much as possible to fill the gap. It is also stated that practicing what you preach as a leader or manager is a good thing to do to keep employees empowered with their work. The fourth article, â€Å"Keep your customers in view†, explains that it is important as managers to think as customers and look for ways to manage the work routines to easily deal and help customers. Methods such as to diagram the process and to measure outcomes, are some of the ways that could be used to tell the customers the flow of processing transactions and in understanding and creating ways to solve implications of certain actions. After properly managing an excellent customer service and organization that suits the customers well, attaining success would be easier (Sarrel). The first article shows that things that a manager should consider to manage his employees while the fourth article deals with managing the customers. The second article deals with managing business and preventing lawsuits while the third article shows management of mistakes, if ever they would arise. The author of the third article seems to have a personal experience on the topic and was able to fully explain through stating events or incidents. While the author of the fourth article was able to personally deal with customers, therefore was able to explain how managing customers would lead to success. He was also able to show how a customer-based organization would properly work. The author of the first and second article seems to be consultants, for they were able to give advices well on how to be good and responsive managers, having the capability to decrease errors and lawsuits. Works Cited Bacal, Robert. â€Å"The Responsive Manager/Leader†.   Ontario, Canada, 2007.   Bacal and Associates. October 18, 2007. http://www.work911.com/articles/responsle.htm. Candris, Laura A. â€Å"Manager No-No’s†.   2007.   Financial-Planning and Source Media, Inc. October 18, 2007. http://www.financial-planning.com/pubs/fp/20070901017.html. Fenn, Donna. â€Å"My Bad: Sometimes, Even CEOs Have to Say They’re Sorry†.   New York, 2007.   Mansueto Ventures LLC. October 18, 2007. http://www.inc.com/magazine/20071001/my-bad.html. Sarrel, Matthew D. â€Å"Keep Your Customers in View†.   2007.   Ziff Davis Publishing Holdings, Inc. October 18, 2007. http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2193464,00.asp. How to cite Business Management, Essay examples Business Management Free Essays Pandora Medal In terms of risk, uncertainty, and how its managers handled the company’s challenges. What Is the current news on this company? The meaning of a business operating under conditions of uncertainty Is the lack of pertinent information and cannot estimate accurately the likelihood of different results of their actions. Pandora media provides internet radio services in the united States. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some of Pander’s risks that would lead to the company’s probability of success would be the uncertainty at the core of finance. Meaning, even though Pander’s music service has grown to 80 million registered users and a database of over 800,000. They still lack to generate sufficient revenue to turn a profit due to the economy. Managers handle the company challenges by modifying its original commitment to the free radio model, offering users an alternative. Listeners who would prefer to skip the advertising have an option to pay $36 per year for ad-free streaming of their music. 2) What effects does time pressure have on your decision making? In what ways do you handle It well and not so well? The effect time pressure has on an Individual loud be the use of proper time management. For example. Your boss need you to pick up the slack for someone who took a sick leave you have their work as well as your. The best way to handle the situation is organization. Being able to accomplish doing your work and theirs without falling behind. I had a situation were I was on call working a IT position that required me to monitor a server for a fortune 500 level company. Hardware needed to be repaired overnight. Time management was key because I knew that if I got paged late at night I would have to prepare time to work he issue as well as has have enough sleep to work the next day. 3) Recall a recent decision that you had difficulty making. Describe it In terms of the characterless of managerial decisions. I can recall a situation working for IBM as a storage admit working a seventy Issue on a hardware server some ports failed causing failure to the internet between our service and their company. I had to call a IT in another state where the company was located to schedule time to repair the problem. I designed an Microsoft excel design plan that needed to be approved by y manager in order to processed in resolving the issue. Being new to the company I took a lot of sufficient notes in order to be successful. This improved my personal growth within the company helping me design the plan for reviews and get approved by my 1st line manager for the process. I also had to use my networking skills by listening and asking my co-workers if I needed answers. This is were my programmed decision were critical when It came to dealing with technology. 4) What do you think are some advantages and disadvantages to using computer technology In decision making? The advantages of technology are the Improvement of company relative cost. Also the company’s overall business strategy meaning the important technologies to reinforce the company’s competitive position. The disadvantages of using computer technology are failure of hardware and software that is purchased by a company. Also having outdated technology that causes problems to compete with other companies as well as performance issues on company projects. 5) Discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of using a group to make decisions. Give examples from your experience. The advantages of using group sections for business project would help give better perspective of the work. Also the ability to use ready-made solutions or custom made solutions between the experience and non-experienced members of your group. For example, if you work in a pool environment for a company the advantage would be networking with your time to improve your skills for your Job position. The only disadvantage is someone in your group lacks the ability to perform at the level of the group members in order to successful finish work. Or a uncertain team member not being optimistic about the causing the group to fail. How to cite Business Management, Essays Business management Free Essays string(55) " company s account and deliver the bank payment slips\." It has a database holding various companies’ records specifically job vacancies. Therefore, it matches the qualities required and the candidates’ qualifications. BBC, S company structure In any firm, the organizational structure is a vital factor which determines the success and achievement of the set goals. We will write a custom essay sample on Business management or any similar topic only for you Order Now The structure of a company portrays not only the hierarchy of responsibilities in the company but also it defines the division of functions (Allen, 2000). The hierarchy determines various levels of personnel in the organization. The main role of the hierarchy is to substantiate the person or groups of persons responsible for the development of the company’s vision and their tasks in pursuit of the session aimed at achieving the set goals (Bassett, 2004). On the other hand, the division of roles amongst the workers places each employee in the most efficient position viable for maximum production. BBC Company is made up of various positions. The main positions include the managing Director, business development manager, recruitment manager and the support stuff which include the accountants, legal officers and the technical personnel. Abs’s organization Chart I. Managing Director The managing director is the overall supervisor. He oversees the entire operation of the company. Some of the primary duties of the managing director are to supervise the general operation of the company, coordinates the financial management tasks and also initiate the development ideologies important for the achievement of the mission, vision and objectives (Shoehorning, 2013). Ii. Development Manager The development manager works in coordination with the marketers in order to bring the clients. The development manager is responsible for the initiation of the strategies required for creation of health network with the clients (Smith,2003). However, he is under the managing director. Iii. Recruitment Manager The recruitment manager works closely with the development manager. While the development manager markets the company and brings in the clients, the recruitment manager is responsible for the verification of the clients’ qualification to find the potential candidates for particular available job vacancies. He also sets the recruitment conditions and standards. Additionally, he develops the recruitment goals (Steen, 2006). The recruitment manager takes instructions from the managing director. Iv. Support Staff The management team cannot operate without the support staff. For the ease of the BBC Company, the support staff includes the accountants, the Technical personnel and the legal officers. The role of the legal officer is to ensure that the recruitment contracts are in accordance with the relevant legislations. The technical persons are responsible for maintenance of proper computer networks and development of more efficient management systems. The accountants are responsible for the maintenance of financial records and provide the statements when required. The support staffs receives instructions from the managers. BBC Company’s Objectives The company’s main objectives include; . Increase the number of the clients. Ii. Improve the service delivery. Iii. Satisfy the client needs to the fullest. Mission To be the leading recruitment company globally and which inclines its efforts towards satisfying the clients. Process Map for clients’ recruitment Plan to Ensure Legal, Regulatory and Ethical Objectives The company needs proper plan which ensures consistency in legal, regulatory and ethical objectives in its operation. The plan is as follows I. The management should review the business contracts and other legal documents to find their validity and compatibility with the state laws. I. The company’s operation to be conducted in accordance with the state law. Iii. The recruitment exercise must never subject any client to any form of injustice. Iv. The management to seek to have feedback from the clients on the quality of service delivery. Recommendation on Alignment of manpower and available resources Using SMART. SMART is an acronym which refers to Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Timely. This provides the guideline for setting up the objectives. S: Specific. The desired goals and objectives by the organization should be specific. For instance, the management should be specific on the type of qualification required when recruiting the clients. M: Measurable: The management should establish concrete methodology used to measure progress towards achievement of the desired goals. For instance, the organization should ask itself how many available job vacancies are available against particular number of candidates. A: Attainable: The objectives should be within the reach especially in terms of available resources for instance, finance. R: Realistic: The goals or objectives must be within the capability. The company can fail if it Sets Very high objectives and goals which are never attainable. In regard to this, the company needs to consider the available resources and their efficiency to enable the achievement of the desired goals. T: Timely: Any goal is bound to a specific timeshare. This determines the time required for a goal to be attained. The availability of resources and their alignment enables timely attainment of the goals. The BBC Company New System. Considering the weaknesses associated with the current system, a new system is implemented which is more efficient and ensures SMART attainment of the set goals. The previous system was associated with poor uncial management, slow service delivery and generally poor leadership. Therefore, the new systems are as follow. Service Delivery system: A new digital system is put in place to enable service delivery in the shortest time possible. With this system, the clients have to deliver their academic and personal documents are delivered to the company’s website via the Internet. The recruitment officers’ access the documents, verify their originality, test the qualification and communicate to the applicant online. Therefore, the applicants do not have to appear at the company offices in person. Digital ATA management system: The new management system is deployed which is used to manage data in the most convenient way. This system minimizes human error and also saves time when retrieving information because the officers do not have to go through big files in search of records. Payment system: There is no more cash payment, rather, the clients make payment directly to the company s account and deliver the bank payment slips. You read "Business management" in category "Management" This minimizes corruption where money gets lost in the hands of the officers. Work activities meeting operational plan Planning: This activity involves outlining objectives, and setting the prospected results. The techniques for achievement are also outlined under this activity. Organizing: organization of the BBC Company is crucial because it enables establishment of the structures and systems in which the activities are arranged and coordinated based on the particular plans and objectives. Staffing: this activity involves accomplishment of the personnel functions. The functions involve selection and training the staff members and also maintenance of proper and favorable conditions for work (Personnel management function, 1993). Directing: Directing is done by the managers and it involves embodying decision making through instructions. This activity is done in line with the set operational plan. Coordinating: coordination is an activity which is aimed at inter-relating the various activities undertaken within the organization. For instance, it inter-relates the highly ranked managers and the support staff. Reporting: Reporting is one of the tools important for ensuring quality checks. This involves making the various organs which include the shareholders, managers, the public, clients, us pliers and others informed regarding the progress of the organization. Budgeting: budgeting refers to the setting of financial plans, financial management control, keeping of financial records and also ensuring that the cost is in line with the set goals and objectives. Quality Management Systems Quality management systems refer to the techniques employed to enable proper communication between the manager and the employees concerning the quality of service to be delivered to the clients (Quality management systems, 2008). The employees are kept in check to deliver services in accordance to the set standard specifications. Quality management system design. Below are the steps important for designing of the quality management system. I. Studying and Understanding the current organizational structure and the associated processes. This involves studying the environment, the competitive level and others. Ii. Development of performance priorities. The BBC performance priorities are in line with shareholders and other stakeholders’ expectations and desires. This is done before the action design is done. Iii. Development Of performance indicators. The measurement Of every department’s performance enables tracking of the general performance of the organization. In this case, the top-down approach meets the bottom-up approach. Iv. Collection of the required data. This involves the calculation of the performance indicators. V. Designing reporting and performance data representation formats. This step involves the decision on how the data is presented to the end users. It also entails how the users provide the feedback for management, monitoring and improvement purposes based on the data provided. Vi. Testing and adjusting the performance measurement system. This step involves improvement of the previous performance system based on the feedback from the users. All elements working in unplanned manner are adjusted to enhance desired level of performance. Vii. Implementation of the system. This is the final step after designing the quality management system of BBC recruiting company. This is where the system is officially launched and put in use for the entire organization operation. The implementation stage involves the managing the user access, training of the users and also the demonstration of the system operation. The system designing process can be presented in chart as follows Quality culture to ensure continuous monitoring ,evaluation and development of process Demonstration of culture is a vital exercise in the organization. This can be demonstrated as follows; I. Leadership emphasis Managers in BBC Recruitment Company must understand that the basis of leadership is quality. The key objective worked on is to promote quality service delivery in the most efficient and faster way. Ii. Maintaining a leadership emphasis on quality. In any case, there are always gaps between what the managers advocate for and what they do. Therefore, awareness about the gaps must be made obvious to the employees. Additionally, the managers and executive directors must demonstrate commitment towards promotion of the quality service delivery. Iii. Ensuring message credibility. The messages provided by the company regarding the quality of services just be realistic and trusted. Credibility Of message earns the company clients loyalty. Credibility of messages is one of the legal and ethical conditions that the company must observe and practice. Iv. Encouraging peer involvement. Exercising peer engagement in the organization is a crucial balancing of act. Showing little support by the managers leads to loss of important opportunities. Therefore, they should be fully involved in activities. The managers also can consider important printing materials such as burners in the working place reminding the employees on the importance and needs to deliver quality service. The workers also should be motivated on their good performances (Purposive, 2006). Recommendation on the improvements The Abs’s current system is associated with various weaknesses which have led to complain from the clients. The complaints are centered on poor leadership which has resulted to a lot of deficits within the company. Therefore, changes must be recommended in order to improve the service delivery as stipulated in the organizations, objectives and set goals. The recommendations are as follows. I. The company must ensure employing qualified managers and other persons in charge of various positions in order o improve the productivity especially the top most positions. For instance, the operation managers must have full knowledge and skills on how to pursue the various roles relevant to their positions. The managers must be well equipped with skills for initiation of valid ideologies important for the development of the company. Unqualified personnel are liabilities within the company since they earn a lot and produce less hence earn the company a lot of deficits. Ii. Proper marketing strategies must be put in place in order to increase the number of clients who are the main source of revenues to the company (Lick, 1999). The main cause of the deficits in the company is that the company spends a lot and the returns from the clients are minimal because of the small number of clients. Iii. The company should adopt the modern system of service delivery which speeds up the process. This will ensures timely service delivery to the clients. The manual systems are time consuming and also never efficient in handling large number of clients. The modern system, probably the digital systems ensures quality service delivery. Iv. Also, the other reason for the deficits within the organization is corruption amongst the managers and other officers. There should be a proper monitoring system which ensures frequent generation of financial records in order to trace the revenues and the expenditure. Also electronic mode of payment and banking should be embraced unlike the manual handling of money which provides opportunities to some corrupt workers to steal and misappropriate funds. . Also, legal and ethical values should be observed in the company’s processes in order to remain relevant to the state and client expectation. Unethical operation makes the clients develop negative attitude towards the company hence underperformed. Report on the implication of he proposed changes The proposed changes are of great importance to th e company. BBC Company is under crisis under its current management system. Qualified Personnel Qualification in any relevant position is very important since it ensures maximum productivity. Any position, irrespective of its level within the company is associated with particular skills. These skills are the key resources for productivity. It is also important to match one’s qualification with the relevant job category. Operating in one’s level of expertise ensures quality and improved level of performances. Therefore, it is worth important o ensure that the roles in BBC company are allocated considering the qualifications of the workers. Taking an example of the operation managers, they are tasked with management of the processes within the company. Therefore, they are required to be skilled on the relevant processes being undertaken and also possess techniques of aligning the available resources to their tasks to ensure maximum productivity (Product liability,ND). Proper marketing strategies Marketing is the key factor that fascinates the clients to seek services with the BBC Company. There are various other companies providing the name recruitment services and the company is tasked to strategies the best ideas that can make them develop competitive advantages over the others. There are various ways for marketing which include making advertisement via radios, televisions, social media such as faceable and also using marketing agents who make direct contact with the clients (Foss, 2012).. Develop financial monitoring system Corruption and misappropriation of funds within the organization is one of the worst practices that can kill the general development. Therefore, the company must put in place monitoring system which includes safe moment mode which includes direct banking by the clients on registration and frequent generation of the financial records which enables tracing of revenues and expenditure. Modern service Delivery system The modern digital service delivery system is very crucial at the current generation since it is very convenient and safes time. The client may not even need to appear to the company registration premises rather he or she may need to make online application and the records are delivered directly to the company’s portals for verification and approval is communicated to the client via email or phone. Also, the digital mode of keeping records is important because it ensure easy retrieval of the same when required (Davis, 1993). The record keepers waste a lot of time accessing records saved in hard copy files. Proper legal and ethical values Legal and ethical values are very crucial factors in general processes in the company. They ensure relevance with the client and state expectation (Cross,2007). Risk Assessment Working with BBC Company is associated with some risks. Computer operators within the company suffer risk of developing computer syndrome. Long term use of computer leads to complication which includes eye implication and also the long term effects may be cancer due to exposure to Radiant from the cathode ray tube screens. Also, the field marketers suffer risks of getting indulged in accidents such as road accidents because they travel almost daily. Also, the buildings are under risk of catching fire because of heat generated by heavy machines used for instance, the generators. Demonstration Health and safety regulations To minimize the risks, the company has set the maximum time one has to work on the computer probably two hours in a day (Design to reduce technical risk, 2007). This is achieved by employing sufficient employees who work in shifts. Also, the vehicles used are serviced regularly to ensure that they are in good conditions. Over speeding the company’s vehicles are illegal and the company’s mechanics have fixed speed governors to all the company vehicles. Additionally, the building has a lot of fire extinguishers which ensures safety in case of fire (LEN Site 200 Risk Management Plans, 2008). Review of BBC Company Health and safety policies Below are some of the company’s health and safety policies and regulation; I. It is illegal to spit carelessly within the company. Ii. No smoking in the work place iii. In case of fire, get out of the building as soon as possible through nearby exit and use the available fire extinguishers to fight the fire. Iv. Strangers are not permitted into the company premises unless permitted. V. Make use of the dust pits. Implementation of the health and safety policies. A body is formed to ensure that the health and safety policies are observed by all. Also the body is responsible for taking legal actions against anyone breaching the policies. The group also conducts the seminars on the important of the observing the safety and healthy policies. How to cite Business management, Essays

Peter H. Woods Strange New Lands free essay sample

Strange Nevus Lands demonstrates the birth of slavery and the struggles the Africans had to overcome before the United States became a nation and before the revolutionary war. It also talks about the slave trade, and the middle passage. Vividly explaining the brutal form of servitude and the consequences that came along with them if the requirements were not met. The author, Peter H. Wood mainly focuses on how Africans survived this period in time and ultimately shape the precedent of the American system of racial domination.Wood starts the book with the earliest Africans to come to North America via the Spanish explores. The Africans served as soldiers, sailors and servants who were poorly led by the Spanish in a quest to take over what is now modern Florida. The Spanish put the African soldiers on the front line to fight the Indians for the land but because of poor leadership the Spanish and the Africans were separated from their supply boats and from each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Peter H. Woods Strange New Lands or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because of the unknown of the gulf coast wilderness majority of oldies and explorers died. But some survived to be healed by the local tribes. In the early seventeenth century Africans were within the Dutch colonies of what is today New York. At this time the Africans were not seen as slaves but as indentured servants. They had a better chance of gaining freedom because an indentured servant was simply a person who worked for another person for a definite period of time. Although without pay the Africans had a chance to roam around the new country as freemen when hey worked off the amount of years they were given.In the late seventeenth century the life of being an indentured servant changed to what was a gruesome new life for the Africans who came to the America. Wood referenced this period as a terrible transformation. The conditions changed from simple servitude to the increase of labor and living conditions within the southern colonies. The settlements of white people from the Caribbean brought their culture of race slavery with them to the Americas thus making leaver a new trend.This would later lead to the rise of race-based slavery in the southern colonies. Although this change had taken place the Africans were able to adapt by learning the American language which was English and making into something that the whites didnt understand. One of the major things that they did was make songs which sounded like one message but actually meaning another message; an early example of talking code.

Summary and Experience free essay sample

When I begin to read (or reread) any book, I like to take a gander at the copyright page. You know, the one with the authors name and the date of publication and all that fancy information – the page that every student hates visiting to write a bibliography. I do this mostly because Im a bibliophile and a publishing nerd by nature. Anyway, I like to look at the publishers summary of the book. Most young adult novels have words like anorexia, maturation, school life, or family drama. These phrases are generally useless for the reader; however, the summary offers some insight into the book, no matter how shallow it may seem. The summary of Dr. Seusss Oh, the Places Youll Go is as follows:SUMMARY: Advice in rhyme for proceeding in life; weathering fear, loneliness, and confusion; and being in charge of your actions.This 19-word summary could describe virtually anything. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary and Experience or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its anonymous. Its ambiguous. Its my education.The famous line adults say to kids is â€Å"High school will be the best time of your life.† Best time of my life? Well, my high school years are almost up, and I wouldnt say they were the greatest. I wouldnt say they were horrible either. I would probably need a novels worth of paper to explain them (but then my summary would sport words like maturation, school life, and family drama, and that wouldnt be good). But thats the point: nothing, no book, no time period, not even a day at the park, can be properly described in a few phrases. Nothing is what it appears, even books. The same is true with the places Im going.I know this time next year Ill be at one of the colleges I applied to, but I know little beyond that. I do not know how the quad will smell after three sweaty boys have been playing Frisbee on the grass. I do not know what days I will be up all night studying or if I will have a boyfriend who likes books as much as I do. More importantly, I cannot predict what newspaper or publishing house Ill intern at. I cannot say how good my French pronunciation will become or what grad school Ill attend. Much like the insufficient description of Oh, the Places Youll Go, no college website or guidance counselor can truly sum up what I will face next year. At college, I expect to find an open community of learners where my nerdy mind can feast. And I expect to develop my passions for writing and reading. And no matter what textbook or novel Im cracking, I know I will first turn to the copyright page, knowing that theres more to anything that meets the eye, even a French grammar book.

Free Essays on One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest- Chief Bromdens Journey To Freedom And Sanity

Page 1 One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest Chief Bromden’s Journey to Freedom and Sanity In the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey, the narrator, Chief Bromden, is set out on a journey to achieve sanity. The effects of patient McMurphy’s strong-willed personality helped the Chief to overcome the harsh emotional treatment that has been laid on him in the past, and exposes him to the truth behind Nurse Ratched and the â€Å"Combine.† Kesey portrays McMurphy as a Christ like figure throughout the novel, giving Chief the strength and hope he posses. McMurphy helps Chief grow into a strong, self-reliant character. In most of the novel, Chief is extremely paranoid and fearful of everything. Even though in actuality Chief is over six and a half feet tall, he considers himself small and weak. One night, when he first begins to speak to McMurphy about how he isn’t big, he says, â€Å"I’m way too little. I used to be big, but no more. You’re twice the size of me.† (Page 186.) Chief’s lack of self-esteem is due to his mother, an overbearing white woman who contributed to ruining his father and making him into a powerless alcoholic. She, and others throughout the book (for example, the government who took away his father’s land), forced Chief into invisibility. Chief witnessed his father waste away, as he was robbed of things he once was passionate about. On page 187, Chief talks about his father: â€Å"But he was too little anymore. And he was too drunk, too. The Combine has whipped him. It beats everybody. It’ll beat you too. They can’t have somebody as big as Papa running around unless he’s one of them. You can see that.† Chief is scared that Nurse Ratched and the Combine will soon destroy him, as the government and mother did his father. McMurphy takes it upon himself to make Chief â€Å"big† again by bringing to Chief’s attention the way he has â€Å"grown.† For instance, on page 225, â€Å"’By God... Free Essays on One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest- Chief Bromdens Journey To Freedom And Sanity Free Essays on One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest- Chief Bromdens Journey To Freedom And Sanity Page 1 One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest Chief Bromden’s Journey to Freedom and Sanity In the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey, the narrator, Chief Bromden, is set out on a journey to achieve sanity. The effects of patient McMurphy’s strong-willed personality helped the Chief to overcome the harsh emotional treatment that has been laid on him in the past, and exposes him to the truth behind Nurse Ratched and the â€Å"Combine.† Kesey portrays McMurphy as a Christ like figure throughout the novel, giving Chief the strength and hope he posses. McMurphy helps Chief grow into a strong, self-reliant character. In most of the novel, Chief is extremely paranoid and fearful of everything. Even though in actuality Chief is over six and a half feet tall, he considers himself small and weak. One night, when he first begins to speak to McMurphy about how he isn’t big, he says, â€Å"I’m way too little. I used to be big, but no more. You’re twice the size of me.† (Page 186.) Chief’s lack of self-esteem is due to his mother, an overbearing white woman who contributed to ruining his father and making him into a powerless alcoholic. She, and others throughout the book (for example, the government who took away his father’s land), forced Chief into invisibility. Chief witnessed his father waste away, as he was robbed of things he once was passionate about. On page 187, Chief talks about his father: â€Å"But he was too little anymore. And he was too drunk, too. The Combine has whipped him. It beats everybody. It’ll beat you too. They can’t have somebody as big as Papa running around unless he’s one of them. You can see that.† Chief is scared that Nurse Ratched and the Combine will soon destroy him, as the government and mother did his father. McMurphy takes it upon himself to make Chief â€Å"big† again by bringing to Chief’s attention the way he has â€Å"grown.† For instance, on page 225, â€Å"’By God...

Business operation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business operation - Assignment Example Finished goods are the end results of production. Production process is the process converting input into output and it consists of raw materials, working or intermediatery processes and finished goods. â€Å"The production process is concerned with transforming a range of inputs into those outputs that are required by the market† (Operations Theory para 1). From the above example sausage is the product. There are a number of materials used in the process of making sausages. The most important raw material is meat. Other ingredients used for making sausages include salt herbs, spices, pepper, ice as well as the casing. Additional ingredients can be used for further seasoning and flavor, such as onions, potatoes, eggs, flour, protein powder, rice, dried milk, celery and bread. The working process includes cutting the meat, preparation of ingredients, mixing the ingredients and meat together, stuffing them into cellulose casing, tieing the casing at both ends, steaming the sausage and completing the process by using ice flakes . The finished good thus obtained is sausage. There are some steps involved in making available the finished goods to the market and eventually the customers. From the above example, the finished good, that is, sausage is to be taken to a place where consumers can access it. This process includes various functions, of which the most important function is trasportation. It ensures time utility and place utility. Warehousing, another function, is also essential for all types of products. Warehouses help to store the products and then supply them as and when more demand is seen. This covers the gap of demand from customers and the time taken to produce the goods. In case of sausages, frozen good warehouses are used. The function of warehouse is also to protect the product against any damage. Movement of sausage from manufacturing unit to the warehouse comes under the working process. Baggage carousels are electronic devices that are

Small Group Written Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Small Group Written Assignment - Essay Example This was evident with the incident at the loading dock where two employees (Ed Williams and Buddy Jones) were engaged in heavy altercation over the type of music that should played on the loading dock sound systems while hurling racial slur at each other. The new Operations Manager Bob Jackson must assert leadership on the distribution center of Hayward Healthcare Systems to deter and discourage belligerent and hostile attitude of employees. It is strongly advised that Mr. Bob Jackson must intervene when conflict arises in the distribution center because it is his area of responsibility. The employees in the floor being highly aggressive can only respect a strong leadership which Mr. Bob Jackson must exercise. A policy also needs to be draft and implemented that will bring about the desired behavior in the distribution center. This will include but not limited to, conflict handling and resolution, decorum on music (i.e. no more music to be played on the loading dock sound system but employees are allowed to use headsets). Conflict, fistfights must also be deterred by a heavy penalty such as suspension that could lead to termination from the company. Implement a new hiring policy that will screen the background of the applicants where management can participate in the selection process. Promotion and appointment to positions of responsibility must be done according to merit and this must expressed in a policy. This policy must also be communicated properly to the employees to promote professionalism and to convey policy changes in the management. The company must also implement a zero tolerance policy against racial slur because it is not only unhealthy on the work floor but could also invite discrimination charges which are costly in terms of litigation and settlement not to mention its cost on the company’s image of being implicated in a discrimination charge. Foster

Economic Social Cultural Environmental And Political Impacts Tourism Essay

Economic Social Cultural Environmental And Political Impacts Tourism Essay Undeniably, events are significant motivators of tourism and their impacts play a crucial part for destination competitiveness, especially when having to deal with unique planned events (Getz, 2008). It must be said that tourism is one of the most prosperous industries, which evolved especially over the last 50 years. It can be defined as a human activity that includes human behaviour, use of resources, communication with other people, economies and environments. It also includes physical movement of tourists to locations, which are not their permanent living houses (Bull, 1995). There are a lot of components of the tourism industry that can add to a countrys value and mega events are one of them. An exact explanation of the term mega event does not exist, however they can be defined as short-term tourism events of a large scale aiming to create new or even renew investment in host cities, thus projecting a positive image of the city (Greene, 2003). Furthermore, mega events can be described as global events and the requirement for a specific city to host such an event is to bid to win it (Getz, 2008). They are usually managed by national governments and international non-governmental institutions and can be classified as significant components in reports of cultural behaviour (Roche, 2000). There are a lot of aspects of impacts resulting from mega events and some of them can be economic, social, environmental, cultural and political. All these can emerge prior to the event, during the event or even after the event, and they can be either or both positive and negative impacts, operating both in the short-run and long-run, that will be beneficial to a tourism destination or act as a threat to it. Additionally, they can bring relatively positive economic effects as well as boost tourism from the time that the bid to host the event by a city has been won, until long time after the event (Williams and Shaw, 1998). The magnitude of th ese impacts depends mainly on the host citys management methods, especially by the government, in its effort to impose successful strategies to strengthen the positive impacts, while trying to keep the negative impacts to a minimum. Hosts mostly expect to create strong legacies that will last a lifetime, and job creation, increase in tourism figures, improvements in infrastructure, rise in the level of GDP and increased demand for commodities are included in their main expectations. Investing in sports venues, various tourism services and improving transportation might trigger economic growth, higher employment levels and renewal of the host city (Sakai, 2006). They also consider mega events as projects that give them the chance to built up a superior reputation, validated by measuring the tangible benefits and deducting the tangible costs from them(Kearney, 2005). It must be highlighted that mega events play a crucial role in promoting a tourism destination and the Olympic Games are one of the best examples of such events. Their history dates back to 776 B.C. in ancient Olympia Greece and during that short time of the event sacred truce was taking place, wars were stopped, and roads were becoming toll free, exemplifying their importance (Holloway and Taylor, 2009). I will be using Olympic Games throughout my essay to demonstrate what such an event can bring to a destination and specifically analyse the economic impacts of the Olympics on tourism destinations.http://www.twip.org/photo/europe/greece/photo-5255-08-03-06-14-31-05.jpghttp://www.flutetunes.com/img/posts/olympic-truce-emblem.jpg The Olympic Truce Emblem The Panathenaic Stadium in Athens, Greece A closer look will be taken to the case of Sydney Summer Olympic Games 2000, where the government used a unique until then strategy undertaken by a host with a free market economy. All of these were done in its effort to enhance the positive economic impacts and reduce the negative impacts. Its initial strategy was to attract as many as possible tourists to the event and induce them to travel in other places in Australia, thus enhancing its tourism industry. The second strategy was to generate strong bonds in order to increase its ability to create tourist business and the third strategy was to make Australia a more attractive destination where three types of visitors were of high importance. These were leisure tourists, business visitors and MICE (meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions) visitors. It must be highlighted, that MICE visitors can bring the more money into a country while business visitors establish new business into the local economy and leisure visitors cont ribute towards the local economy by travelling around and using the local commodities. The returns from spending in business benefits were more tangible and persuasive resulting to greater planning in favour and in funding of economic effects by both federal and NSW governments as well as the Australian Tourist Commission (Cashman,2006). It is important for each Olympic Games to create something new and leave a great legacy behind them. For the case of Australia the main legacy that authorities wanted to create, was more tourists visiting the country, not only during the event but especially after it (Chalip, 2000). A huge crowd is attracted by the Olympic Games which consist of groups of people such as spectators, media representatives, members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), sponsors and athletes. Through the extensive media coverage, a host citys image may be reinforced or even altered affecting tourists image about the city (Hall, 1989) and an encouraging image of a host city might be a reason to attract both national and international tourists (McManus, 1999). About 1.6 million people were estimated to visit Australia between 1997-2004 by the Tourism Forecasting Council (Chalip, 2000) and all these tourists were expected to inject a huge amount of money for circulation into the host countrys econom y in both short-run and long-run, where most of the money would be coming from television rights, ticket sales and general use of commodities. It was also predicted that 150,000 jobs would be created through the money spent by tourists and other visitors. What is more is that people involved in the Olympics can later use their skills to enter the workforce if there are jobs places available to them, but all these depend upon the success of the event and if peoples skills are in a certain manner that can be used in the future without additional training cost needed to incur. There is evidence to prove that during Sydney 2000 Olympics US$3billion was generated in the local business sector (Kearney, 2005). It must be added that Australia was expected to gain AUS$6.5billion from the games during the period of 1994-2004. The opportunity of attracting more tourists prior, during and post the event, like in the case of Barcelona Olympic Games 1992, where tourist figures increased a lot especially after hosting the Olympics and making it an established tourist resort, enables tour operators to create more and better holiday packages that can be offered to national and especially international potential visitors and thus improving their economic wellbeing, as well as bringing more money into the local economy. Added to these, the city government of Sydney in a combination with private investment invested a huge amount of money in their effort to expand the Sydney airport, improve the citys roads and expand hotel room capacity by 25% (Chalip,2000). It can be deduced that these investments were aiming to attract more tourists, event visitors and business visitors contributing positively towards the local economy.http://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/images/olympic-emblem/sydney2000.gifhttp://dvice.com/ pics/sydney_stadium.jpg Sydney 2000 Olympic Games Stadium Sydney 2000 Olympic Games Logo Moreover, Sydney had won 202 bids MICE by the end of 1999 and they included 251,280 delegates contributing AUS$919,649,010 to the Australian economy and thus increasing the level of its GDP. Also, sponsors use the Olympics to promote their brands thus improving their reputation while injecting money into the local economy. Most of the times the large amounts of money injected to the host countrys economy from foreign investment have impacts of millions of dollars and governments should use this money in the best way possible to benefit the economy. For example Visa spend over AUS$30million to include Sydney and pictures from the country into its advertisement campaign. Of course there are huge costs involved in order for a country to host Olympic Games and sometimes countries plan ahead before even winning the bid to host such an event. The total investment in Australia represented 0.6% of its GDP, which was a large amount of money spent for a short-term event. Even though most expenses are covered by the government and domestic as well as foreign institutions, it is inevitable that taxpayer money would be needed in order to host a costly event like the Olympics and satisfying the standards required by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) (Matheson, 2006).Costs related to infrastructure, constructing stadiums and carrying out sports events are the biggest and although they are classified as costs some argue that they contribute positively towards the local economy such as by constructing stadiums jobs are created, lowering the unemployment levels, and stadiums can be used after the Olympics to host other sports or leisure events triggering som e economic growth. In the case of Barcelona 1992 Olympics significant infrastructure improvements have taken place in just 8 years time, in order to be ready at the time of the event, whereas 50 years were normally needed for sea front, sewage, telecommunication improvements and new airport construction to take place. These changes have helped Barcelona to develop and look as a more attractive tourism destination. Also, in the case of Athens 2004 Games transportation improvements to roads, metro and trains helped towards making the city more contemporary (Kearney,2005). This aspect, infrastructure, add ups to the living standards of locals as well as making the city more accessible to future tourists since they will have the chance to use pleasing transportation methods. In Australia however, some venues had to go through maintenance in order to be able to host other types of events as well which required further costs than benefits to the Australian economy and also made the venues to loose from their original identity and history. An example of such an action is the Olympic Park 2000 which has been transformed in order to host sports events and several types of fairs. Similarly, the Olympic Stadium of Beijing 2008 Olympics has been transformed in order to be more profitable. Ex-post studies have proven that there is not enough evidence that economic benefits arise from sports events to neither sports teams, nor facilities and according to Humphreys (2003, p.6) in US constructing new sports facilities failed to increase income per capita or total employment level (Owen, 2005). Even though a $5.1billion increase in NSWs GDP resulted from the Olympics, where two fifths would go towards household income Sydney turned out to face expenses. Added to these, the crowding out effect can be considered as a negative aspect of the Olympic Games that affects the local economy, including its GDP figures. The Australian government was worried that people and business would prefer other tourism and business locations and thus created the campaigns Fun and Games, meet Australia and the open for business campaign. Local people sometimes prefer to go away from their cities while events are taking place since they think that too much traffic is going to be present and it would be better for them to be away at that time thus lowering spending figures and injections of local people in the economy especially if they go on holidays to another destination. What is more is that, Olympic Games can attract more visitors to the event, like spectators of the games, people who want to explore the host country, and people who want to make business at the host city during that time but it can also prevent tourists from visiting the certain destin ation. This is due to the fact that a lot of people are going to be present at that period and they might prefer to visit if after the Olympic Games have finished, since they will have the chance to explore and enjoy more places when less people are going to be present. Sometimes these tourists never go to the country, making it loose money from the tourism industry. Additionally, hotel room prices during the Olympics tend to be higher than usual, with no major changes in their appearance and facilities that offer and reinforce the crowding out effect, this reducing spending coming from tourism, since usual customers tend to avoid visiting them during that time and reduce the net spending in the host city (Owen, 2005). The process of planning and hosting the Olympics requires a high risk and local authorities should be careful since both short-run and long-run are important. Examples such as Montreal, which hosted the 1976 Summer Olympic Games and 30 years later the initial cost of US$1.5billion has not yet been recovered, show how adverse can mega events turn out to be for a countrys economy, since that debt has to be paid off and it cuts back from investment in other sectors of the economy, such as education, healthcare and creating new venues that would attract tourists, thus creating an opportunity cost. This debt in turn affects improvements that could be made, which affect negatively the tourism industry. Another example is Greece that was the host for 2004 Summer Olympic Games and is still facing a 6% budget deficit due to the games. Also, Greece is facing the problem that sports facilities cannot be permanently used and might have to shut down and lead to no benefits towards the local commu nity (Kearney, 2005). Greece can be an example to future host countries to avoid constructing stadiums and facilities that will have no permanent use in the future as well as cannot recover their initial cost soon or even in the long-run and thus bring no financial benefits to the country. An important outcome of money injected and continuously being circulating in economies is the multiplier effect, which estimates the impact of tourism on an economy through direct, indirect and induced spending but doesnt show the income figures generated through tourism in each sector of the economy. It can create problems sometimes, since multipliers calculated using wrong methodology are of a too large scale. This arises mainly from the ignorance of opportunity costs and treatment of costs as benefits, as proven by ex-post studies mentioned before. We have gone through the emerging impacts from mega events that affect a tourism destination but what will be the impacts on London 2012 Olympic Games which have not taken place yet? It must be noted that London is one of the most successful and established business centres and hosting the Olympics will bring even more business to operate in the UK economy. Firstly, all the funding of the Olympic Games is done by both private and public organisations aiming the development of East London. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) generates most of its  £2billion budget from private sector and receives income from sales, commodities, sponsors and the IOC whereas the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) generates its income from the public sector. All the funding will be contributing positively towards building infrastructure and stadiums in the Olympic Park that can be used in the long-run for the UK communitys benefit. What is more, is that the Greater London Authority (GLA) works at its best attainable levels to bring benefits to the locals and gives  £925million to the ODA. http://www.sightseeingtours.co.uk/london-tourist-uk/london-images/london-olympics-2012.jpghttp://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/images/2007/06/04/2012_logo_white_385x450.jpg London 2012 Olympic Games Advertisement Official London 2012 Olympic Games Logo Furthermore, the London Development Agency (LDA), controls the sustainable economic growth and makes sure that locals will benefit as much as they can from the Olympics as well as it invests  £250million towards covering the infrastructure costs and  £220million towards cleaning the Park that is managed by the ODA. Another  £2.2billion are generated by the National Lottery Funds that contribute towards the construction of the Olympic facilities, that add up to the countrys value and create strong legacies that people can benefit from even in the long-run. The entire infrastructure such as the energy centre, new roads, new bridges and the pumping station will be brand new and aim to cover the needs of the locals even in the long-run again. Since the London Olympics follow a sustainable pattern they aim to construct venues that will be used post the games as well as trying to use existing venues to make a better use of them and if venues are not going to be used after the Olympics they will be made temporary so that no unnecessary costs will incur like in previous Olympics hosts like Barcelona and Greece. The Olympic Village will be turned into homes after the Games and even more houses will be built as well as shops, cafes, restaurants to provide more services to the locals and thus creating more jobs. London has another solution to the problem of under qualified workers since it will offer job training to the locals (London 2012, 2010). To conclude, I have explained the economic impact of mega events on tourism using mainly the example of Sydney 2000 Games and showed that it is of high importance that governments should take the most beneficial strategies while hosting such events, having in mind not only the short-run but the long-run effects of their policies. Sydney 2000 Games can act as a benchmark, since they were the first hosts to take that particular approach and emphasise on business and economic benefits leaving behind them strong legacies even though not all investment was done wisely. Also, the example of London shows that previous patterns are being corrected and followed and the legacy left behind investments in infrastructure can be judged upon their success. However, it is argued that no Olympics have shown enough evidence that there are important impacts such as increases in household impact (Owen, 2005). Moreover, it would be fair to mention that social, cultural, political and environmental impacts play a crucial role on a tourism destination since by showing to tourists the legacies and unique cultures that mega events create as well as caring about the environment while carrying out such event attracts other categories of tourists as well as it creates a better place for people to visit. Word Count: 2998

Mb0038 †Management Process and Organization Behavior

Explain the process of negotiation. Negotiation is a dialogue intended to resolve disputes, to produce an agreement upon courses of action, to bargain for individual or collective advantage, or to craft outcomes to satisfy various interests. It is the primary method of alternative dispute resolution. Negotiation occurs in business, non-profit organizations, government branches, legal proceedings, among nations and in personal situations such as marriage, divorce, parenting, and everyday life. The study of the subject is called negotiation theory.Professional negotiators are often specialized, such as union negotiators, leverage buyout negotiators, peace negotiators, hostage negotiators, or may work under other titles, such as diplomats, legislators or brokers. Negotiation typically manifests itself with a trained negotiator acting on behalf of a particular organization or position. It can be compared to mediation where a disinterested third party listens to each sides' arguments and attempts to help craft an agreement between the parties.It is also related to arbitration which, as with a legal proceeding, both sides make an argument as to the merits of their â€Å"case† and then the arbitrator decides the outcome for both parties. There are many different ways to segment negotiation to gain a greater understanding of the essential parts. One view of negotiation involves three basic elements: process, behavior and substance. The process refers to how the parties negotiate: the context of the negotiations, the parties to the negotiations, the tactics used by the parties, and the sequence and stages in which all of these play out.Behavior refers to the relationships among these parties, the communication between them and the styles they adopt. The substance refers to what the parties negotiate over: the agenda, the issues (positions and – more helpfully – interests), the options, and the agreement(s) reached at the end. Another view of negotia tion comprises 4 elements: strategy, process and tools, and tactics. Strategy comprises the top level goals – typically including relationship and the final outcome. Processes and tools include the steps that will be followed and the roles taken in both preparing for and negotiating with the other parties.Tactics include more detailed statements and actions and responses to others' statements and actions. Some add to this persuasion and influence, asserting that these have become integral to modern day negotiation success, and so should not be omitted. Skilled negotiators may use a variety of tactics ranging from negotiation hypnosis, to a straight forward presentation of demands or setting of preconditions to more deceptive approaches such as cherry picking. Intimidation and salami tactics may also play a part in swaying the outcome of negotiations.Another negotiation tactic is bad guy/good guy. Bad guy/good guy tactic is when one negotiator acts as a bad guy by using anger and threats. The other negotiator acts as a good guy by being considerate and understanding. The good guy blames the bad guy for all the difficulties while trying to get concessions and agreement from the opponent This is a unique combination framework that puts together the best of many other approaches to negotiation. It is particularly suited to more complex, higher-value and slower negotiations. Prepare: Know what you want.Understand them. Open: Put your case. Hear theirs. Argue: Support your case. Expose theirs. Explore: Seek understanding and possibility. Signal: Indicate your readiness to work together. Package: Assemble potential trades. Close: Reach final agreement. Sustain: Make sure what is agreed happens. There are deliberately a larger number of stages in this process as it is designed to break down important activities during negotiation, particularly towards the end. It is an easy trap to try to jump to the end with a solution that is inadequate and unacceptable.Note also that in practice, you may find variations on these, for example there may be loops back to previous stages, stages overlapping, stages running parallel and even out of order. The bottom line is to use what works. This process is intended to help you negotiate, but do not use it blindly. It is not magic and is not a substitute for thinking. If something does not seem to be working, try to figure out why and either fix the problem or try something else. Although there are commonalities across negotiations, each one is different and the greatest skill is to be able to read the situation in the moment and adapt as appropriate.

Saudi Arabia in the 19th Century: Customs, Culture, and Traditions

The development of Saudi Arabia as a state revolves around different historical, cultural, and societal changes that transpired in the 19th century. The period is considered important in the nation’s history because it establishes the political, economic and social sphere. That is why to better understand Saudi Arabia’s history one must look at these areas to appreciate the role of history and people in the development of a nation. Given these aspects, Saudi Arabia in the 19th century caters to the developments that shaped the country to become a modern state and includes areas related to religion, culture, and lifestyle. Political and Economic History To better identify Saudi Arabia in the 19th century, one must look at its political and economic history. Through this process, it can be seen how the country evolved into a modern state and what factors remained important in shaping what Saudi Arabia is now. Tracing its political structure, Saudi Arabia was influenced by the Ottoman Empire and the Al Saud Wahhabi emirate particularly in the area of Najd (Al-Rasheed, 2002, p. 14). The process here then revolves around the different campaigns of Saud as he sought to expand the territory conquering different areas. Among successful campaigns during the 19th century were Mecca, Medina, Egypt and Syria (Weston, 2008, p. 103). The second influential aspect of change in Saudi politics takes into account the development of the second Saudi State. From the period of 1824-1887 there were military campaigns that have sought to legitimize expansion and influence of the al-Saud family and promote the Wahhabi legacy among communities in the Middle East. Though these political campaigns were not as wide, it provided stability among territories that each family/group controls. In particular, Weston (2008) provides that â€Å"it kept the Wahhabi movement alive, ready to influence Muslims again in the twentieth century – and in the twenty first† (p. 107). On the other hand, the economic developments during the 19th century revolved around conventional trading patterns and barter. Prior to the discovery of oil in Saudi Arabia, the 19th century featured trade involving caravans’ transportation of agricultural goods among different areas. Specifically, spices are traveled into specific trade routes and create opportunities among different merchants to sell items (Saudi Embassy, 2010). Also, there are also various goods that are most sought after by different communities especially the rich ones. Saudi Embassy (2010) points out that â€Å"these items included almonds from Taif, dates from the many oases, and aromatics such as frankincense and myrrh from the Tihama plain† (p. 1). Lifestyle, Trends, and Community Development Looking at the lifestyle and trends of the Arab people in the 19th century, it can be seen that people determine their identity according to the factions they belong to. Since specific boundaries and determination of the state at that time has not yet been established, groups and communities continue to be a way to differentiate one from another (Federal Research Division, 2004). This then enables better ways for people to communicate and interact with one another. Also, this is used to create associations and relationships with different tribes and pattern lifestyle according to this idea. Similarly, since the inhabitants of the Saudi Arabia live in the desert, they had to equally adjust to the weather and climate. Due to this, their clothing and manner of travel among communities remain to be the same. Specifically, people wear long piece of clothing both in the body and head to protect them from the harsh winds, hot sunlight, and cold weather at night (Long, 2005). At the same time, they also wear sandals to keep them cool and comfortable during travels and their daily work. Moreover, groups also take care of camels because it serves as an instrument for travel and trade (Long, 2005). With regards to community development, it can be seen that settlement continued to occur along the oases present in the Saudi Arabia’s desert. Here communities are sustained by the availability of drinking water and also serve as protection against other tribes who may pose as a threat to the security of its inhabitants (Al-Rasheed, 2002). Likewise, the place is used to develop food supplies and sustain community growth. Under this process, this provided stability among communities and helped them develop a specific customs, traditions, and culture. Specifically, Saudi Embassy (2010) argues that â€Å"settlements became more permanent, leading to the foundations of what we call civilization – language, writing, political systems, art and architecture. Religion and Culture It can be argued that the spread of Islam in the Middle East particularly in Saudi Arabia served as an important process that shape the culture of communities and groups within the region. Specifically, customs, traditions, and how people behave is rooted in the rules provided by the Koran and the Muslim faith (Federal Research Division, 2004). These Islamic rules and expectations provided believers a guide on how to live their life and determine establish relationships with other people. Seeing this, it can be argued that Islam provided a huge mark in the Middle East and shaped how people interact and relate ideals with one another. In particular, religious customs revolved around the five pillars of Islam. These five pillars symbolized how people should interact with one another and become good followers of Allah (Long, 2005). One concrete example of this is the practice of Hajj. This involves an obligation for any Moslem to visit the holy city of Mecca and renew their religious commitment to their faith (Al-Rasheed, 2002). Other expectations also include the manner of worship, observance of fasting and abstinence during Ramadan. Lastly, Moslem culture can also be seen in Muslim art and architecture. Their influence help shaped the depiction of the arts which includes poetry, dance, literature, and language. Specifically, the development of a universal language in the Middle East (Arabic) created opportunities to unify and create communities of faith. In essence, these common elements shaped the further development of Saudi Arabia’s culture in the 19th century and strengthened how people identify themselves (Long, 2005). Important Personalities One important personality who was essential in the development of Saudi Arabia as a modern nation state was Shaikh Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab. It can be seen that he both a leader and scholar of the Wahhabi faction. During his leadership, he sought to promote the restoration of the traditions and customs of the original principles of Islam (Weston, 2008). His influence provided the necessary means to create unification among different communities and sought to establish order on how Muslims view the teachings of the Koran and applying it in their religious life and other affairs such as politics. Another important figure during this era was Muhammad bin Saud. He was the emirate of Diryah. His contributions to Saudi Arabia’s history was that he founded the first Saudi state and coordinated his efforts in protecting and pursuing the restoration of the Islam among the Muslim communities in the Arabian peninsula (Saudi Embassy, 2010). Through his effort he was able to stabilize the region until his defeat in 1818 with the invasion of the Ottoman Turks. The last relevant figure that shaped Saudi Arabia’s political history in the 19th century was Turki bins Abdullah Al-Saud. He was the one responsible for creating the Second Saudi State and legitimized the formulation of specific laws and mandates that are still applied today (Weston, 2008). Through his leadership, he transferred the capital city from Diryah to Riyadh and sought to re-establish the control of territories lost during the fall of the first Saudi State (Saudi Embassy, 2010). His efforts remain to be crucial because he started the transformation of Saudi Arabia into becoming prosperous and successful on various aspects related to economic growth and political stability. Conclusion To conclude, the 19th century proved to be an important period for Saudi Arabia politically and socially. This is because it is in this time that the nation state was created. Similarly, this era shaped the ability to shift and develop new political ideals and the birth of a nation state. This also was an important time for redefining the tenets of Islam as it applies to Saudi’s culture and beliefs. Lastly, the leadership of key political figures served as important channel in establishing balance and control in areas of politics, economy and society, shaping the region during the period. All these elements in turn are all beneficial to what Saudi Arabia is today in both the Middle East and the World.